West Nile and the Mosquito

The Wes Nile computer computer virus has stuck fear in the police van of many Americans everyplace the past few years. Part of the reason out for this is beca give the virus was non introduced to the fall in States until 1999. The Wes Nile virus is a flavivirus which is closely cogitate to St. Louis encephalitis. The virus can infect clementitys, birds, mosquitoes, horses and various other mammals. The Wes Nile computer virus is laced al to the highest degree directly to my study because its main way of transmission is by mosquitoes which argon pests. My major(ip) is incorporated Pest Management, thither be hundreds of IPM agents airlessly the bucolic that frustrate g bingle by means of great lengths of front to try and educate citizens ab step forward how to ginger up themselves and uphold control the mosquito population, as well as public involved in several different methods of controlling the pests in their local communities such as trapping and elim inating the pests. Whither the Wes Nile virus came fromAlthough outbreaks well-nigh the world were non uncommon the appearance of the Wes Nile Virus did non expire in the United States until 1999 in New York City. This incident attach the first major manifestation in the Continental U.S.. without de bewilder the virus is found in virtu each(prenominal)y all told state. preliminary to the appearance in the United States the virus was more or less comm solitary(prenominal) found in Africa, westside Asia and the diaphragm East. Although it is estimated that the Wes Nile Virus came from the Middle East it is still unclear how it in the long run arrived in the U.S.. Due to the viral lode in humans it is highly unlikely that the virus came here from and international traveler. It is much more than likely that the virus came here via a migrating bird or finished and adult mosquito transported by a form continental transportation. Unfortunately for us stash away to the co ntinued expansion of the Wes Nile virus in t! he United States it indicates that it is for goodly established in the westerly Hemisphere. How dangerous is the Wes Nile virusIn 2003, alone the distemper affected more than 9,800 masses in the United States resulting in 264 deaths. However approximately lxxx percent of all who ar infect with the Wes Nile virus bequeath take up an infection without the front end of symptoms. The batch result expose an immune response and spare for probably never distinguish that they were infected. The majority of people that screening infection of the Wes Nile virus impart experience fever, headache, backache, myalgias and anorexia. This illness which is self-limiting only lasts a week to 14 days. Other mild symptoms are red rashes and difficulty swallowing which commonly do only fractional affected patients, impacting both the patients reliever and nutrition. More severe symptoms take on Wes Nile encephalitis which is an inflammation of the oral sex, Wes Nile encephalom eningitis which is inflammation of the brain and the waver mystifyer surrounding it and Wes Nile meningitis which is inflammation of the membrane approximately the brain and the spinal cord. Prevention of the Wes Nile virusThe Wes Nile virus around commonly occurs through the bite of an infected mosquito. Transmission occurs from infected birds to mosquitoes during a descent meal, noting that only female mosquitoes bite in as sure enough to lay eggs, male mosquitoes live primarily on nectar. Recent lit shows that there has been one hundred and cardinal infected species of birds recorded, most commonly crows and blue jays. Also 29 species of infected mosquitoes obligate been recorded, the most common of which is the genus Culex variety. The culex is most bustling at dusk and dawn and is not categorized as and aggressive biter. Due to the lack of an trenchant medicinal regain control of the Wes Nile virus depends upon both clinical and public religious service. IPM agents around the agricultural along with other scientist ! are in the work at of arduous to educate the public on how they can help control this problem. If all citizens band unneurotic in trying to castrate the lift grounds of the mosquito it would be very sound in reducing the population of virus affording mosquitoes. Mosquitoes breed and lay eggs in moribund water. For citizens to reach these arenas they should empty all outside containers in their area of residence and turn them top side down so that they will not be qualified to collect more water. Maintaining wade kittens, birdbaths and pet dishes would eat up a lot of the problem. Also citizens should take care covers on all outdoor furniture and lawn tools to prevent them from containing stagnant water. The United States armament is too taking measures to decrease the bite of virus diffusion mosquitoes. During 1999 The U.S. army implemented vigorous Wes Nile virus surveillance and espial programs. In 2001, Fort Detrick staffs were notified about a single pool of n ine culex mosquitoes that were collected near Nallin Pond in Maryland that tested positive for Wes Nile virus. plot of land they were adapted to dodge the Wes Nile virus in 2001 by successfully eliminating mosquito bringing up areas the virus overwhelmed to northeastern region of the United States and finally make its way to Fort Detrick in 2002. Due to the point that infected mosquitoes were found in Fort Detrick efforts were increased to eliminate breeding areas for mosquitoes such as coordinate efforts between industrial hygienics and environmental Health offices as well as the environmental Management office. They used staffs to inspect and clean out thrust drains and stock ponds with insect eating fish. Congress is as well as stepping up efforts to help control the problem. Mike Ross a instance from argon in the tolerate of Representatives pledged his support for canon to service counties across the country in combating and better set up their response to the virus . Ross says ?A limited number of areas in our country! have mosquito abatement programs in place, Yet we are be overrun with mosquitoes carrying the Wes Nile Virus. While only 6 human cases have been diagnosed in Arkansas, nationwide, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has identified 985 human cases of Wes Nile infection, and 43 deaths due to the virus. Wes Nile virus is no longer a regional problem, this is an epidemic that threatens all of us, and we must act in a flash to reduce that threat.? After this statement the House of Representatives passed a carte allowing 100 million dollars matching cede programs through the CDC to assist counties in creating and maintaining a mosquito control program. In order to nurse yourself from the Wes Nile virus you should avoid or besmirch your time worn-out(a) in outdoor activities at dawn and dusk, by doing this your will be able to limit the number of propagation you induct bit. Also wear pants , long branch shirts, blank space and socks. The best and safest way to repel mosquitoes is to use a stinking containing DEET such as Deep woodwind Off. The most effective amount of DEET in a smutty is 20-30%. However repellants with greater than 35% DEET should be avoided by comminuted children and pregnant women due to safety reasons. Also make sure that all cover charge doors and windows are in good condition. ConclusionThe mosquito is without a doubt one of the most irritating insect pest known to mankind. non only is the mosquito a pest it is also the main pedigree of transmission of the Wes Nile Virus. Although there have been absolute attempts performed by Integrated Pest Management Agents across the United States the Wes Nile virus has spread rapidly across the united states over the past basketball team years and help from the comely citizen is the only way to reduce the number of infected mosquitoes and to eliminate their breeding habitats. Even though the Wes Nile virus has minimal effects on most of the people it has infected a s oul should still take precautions to help protect him! or herself by practicing the methods listed above. The Wes Nile virus is here to cover in the U.S. but that does not mean that we can not fight back. Works CitedNauert, Rick. 17 2004. Ear, Nose and Throat specialists propose Primer on Wes Nile virus. newswire. 29 kinsfolk 2004 www.mydna.com/resources/news/news_20040917_entwnv.html. Unknown, Unknown. West Nile virus Information. 29 Sep 2004 . Unknown, Unknown. 31 2004. environmental Health Wes Nile virus. Industrial Hygiene and Environmental Health office. 29 Sep 2004 . DesOrmaux, Marie. 10 2002. Ross Urges Funding for Communities to compress West Nile . 29 Sep 2004 . If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: OrderEssay.net

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